This is not how audio recording works. The position of your ears is irrelevant for a recording device, because there are better, more compact ways to record stereo sound.
Here's how a stereo microphone capsule for a professional recorder looks like:

Those things at the very top are two microphones which are positioned very closely together, but, thanks to their orientation, give a perfect stereo sound which could closely match what you would hear. The thing which allows you to guess how the sound will be reordered is called a polar pattern; different types of microphones are optimized for different patterns:

For instance, there are microphones which would record everything around them (corresponds to omnidirectional pattern below), as there are microphones which would attempt to narrow on the sound coming from a precise direction (corresponds to shotgun pattern; those are for instance most of the microphones you see at TV news crew: their goal is to record a voice of a person being interviewed, while reducing as much as possible the ambient noise, such as the voices from the crowd).
Back to stereo recording, there are microphones for smartphones as well. Rode, for instance, has a model for iPhones. Same for Zoom with its iQ6.
There are a bunch of other ones from other companies, relatively easy to find on Google, but all seem to be for iOS only. When it comes to Android, the only thing I've found is an article from 2016 about a Kickstarter project for a stereo microphone.
Another option would be to buy a stereo microphone not specifically designed to work with smartphones, such as Rode's VideoMic pro. I'm not sure, however, what would be the audio quality, since smartphones are not really for that.
At the same time, if you need good quality, you have to invest in a recorder. Some good ones could be found for less than $300.